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Blogs by Karen Palumbo
On This Day 1/17/1781
1/15/2011 11:34:44 AM
The "Battle of Cowpens", South Carolina
Relying upon strategic creativity, Brigadier General Daniel Morgan and a mixed Patriot force, rout British Lieutenant Colonel Banastre Tarleton and a group of Redcoats and Loyalists at the "Battle of Cowpens".
Commander-in-Chief of the Southern Army, Major General Nathaniel Greene had decided to divide Patriot troops in the Carolinas in order to force the larger British contingent under General Charles Cornwallis to fight them on multiple fronts and because smaller groups of men were easier for the beleaguered Patriots to feed.
Brigadier General Morgan took three hundred Continental riflemen and seven hundred forty militiamen with the intention of attacking the British back-country at Fort Ninety-Six.
In response, General Cornwallis dispatched Lieutenant Colonel Tarleton with one thousand one hundred Redcoats and Loyalists to catch Brigadier General Morgan, whom General Cornwallis feared might instigate a broad-based back-country Patriot uprising.
Brigadier General Morgan prepared for the encounter with Lieutenant Colonel Tarleton by backing his men up to a river at Cowpens, nor of Fort Ninety-Six. As Lieutenant Colonel Tarleton's troops attacked, Brigadier General Morgan instructed the militia to skirmish with them, but to leave the front line after firing two rounds.
The British troops mistook the repositioning of the American Patriots as a rout and ran into an unexpected volley of concentrated rifle fire coupled with a cavalry charge and followed by the return of the militia.
Lietenant Colonel Tarleton excaped, but Brigadier General Morgan's troops decimated the standing British Army. American rifles, scorned by Great Britain's professional troops, proved devastatingly effective in this engagement. The British lost one huned ten men and more than two hundred more were wounded, while an additional five hundred troops were captured.
The Patriot American losses totaled only twelve killed and sixty wounded in the first Patriot victory to demonstrate that the Patriot American troops could outfight a similar British force without any other factors, such as surprise or geography, to assist them.
(K) (HST)
Daniel Morgan American Brigadier General
Banastre Tarleton British Lieutenant Colonel
Nathaniel Greene American Major General
Charles Cornwallis British General
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