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Blogs by Karen Palumbo
On This Day 3/25/1774
3/16/2011 8:56:29 PM
The British Parliament passes the "Boston Port Act"
The British Parliament passes the "Boston Port Act", closing the Port of Boston, Massachusetts and demanding that the city's residence pay for the nearly one million dollars worth of tea dumped into the Boston Harbor during the "Boston Tea Party" of December 16, 1773.
The "Boston Port Act" was the first and easiest to enforce of four acts that together were known as the "Coercive Acts". The other three were:
* a new "Quartering Act"
* the Administration of Justice Act
* and the "Massachusetts Government Act".
As part of Great Britains attempt to intimidate Boston's increasingly unruly residents, King George III appointed General Thomas Gage,who commanded the British Army in North America, as the new Royal Governor of Massachusetts.
General Gage became the Royal Governor in May, 1774 before the "Massachusetts Government Act" revoked the colony's 1691 Charter and curtailed the powers of the traditional town meeting and colonial council.
These moves made it clear to Bostonians that the British Crown intended to impose martial law. In June, General Gage easily sealed the Port of Boston and the Port of Charlestown using the formidable British Navy, leaving merchants terrified of impending economic disaster.
Many merchants wanted to simply pay for the tea and disband the Boston's Committee of Correspondence", which had served to organize anti-British protests. The merchants attempt at convincing their neighbors to assauge the British failed.
A town meeting called to discuss the matter voted them down by a substantial margin. The British Parliament hoped that the "Coercive Acts" would isolate Boston from Massachusetts, Massachusetts from New England, and New England from the rest of North America, preventing unified colonial resistance to the British.
Their effort backfired. Rather than abandon Boston, Massachusetts the colonial population shipped much needed supplies to Boston and formed extra-legal ProvincialCongresses to mobilize resistance to the British Crown. By the time General Gage attempted to enforce the "Massachusetts Government Act" his authority had eroded beyone repair.
George III King of Great Britain
Thomas Gage British General
Royal Governor, Massachusetts
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