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Blogs by Karen Palumbo
On This Day 5/12/1780
5/30/2011 6:57:06 PM
Americans suffer worst defeat of the American Revolution at Charleston, South Carolina
After a siege that began on April 2, 1780, the American Patriots suffer their worst defeat of the "American Revolution", with the unconditional surrender of Major General Benjamin Lincoln to British Lieutenant General Sir Henry Clinton and his Army of ten thousand at Charleston, South Carolina.
With the victory, the British captured more than three thousand Patriots and a great quantity of munitions and equipment, losing only two hundred fifty killed and wounded in the process. Confident of British control in the South, Lieutant General Clinton sailed north to New York after the victory, having learned of an impending French expedition to the British-occupied northern state.
Lieutenant General Clinton left General Charles Cornwallis in command of eight thousand three hundred British troops in the South. South Carolina was a deeply divided State, and the British presence let loose the full violence of a civil war upon the population. First, the British used Loyalists to pacify the Patriot population. The Patriots returned the violence in kind.
The Guerrilla warfare strategies employed by Patriots Francis Marion (the Swamp Fox), Thomas Sumter, and Nathanael Greene throughout the Carolina campaign of 1780 - 1781 eventually chased the far more numerous British troops into Virginia, where they evenutally surrendered at Yorktown, Virginia on October 19, 1781.
Having suffered the humiliation of surrendering to the British troops at Charleston, South Carolina, Major General Lincoln was able to turn the tables and accept General Cornwallis' ceremonial surrender to General George Washington at Yorktown, Virginia on October 20, 1781.
Sir Henry Clinton British Major General
Benjamin Lincoln American Major General
Charles Cornwallis British General
Francis Marion American Patriot
American General
"The Swamp Fox"
Thomas Sumter American Patriot
Nathanael Greene American Patriot
American Brigadier General
George Washington American General
President, USA
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