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Blogs by Karen Palumbo
On This Day 6/18/1778
6/20/2011 6:36:11 PM
The British abandon Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
After almost nine months of occupation, fifteen thousand British troops, under General Sir Henry Clinton evacuate Philadelphia, Pennsylvania the former United States capital. The British had captured Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on September 26, 1777 following General George Washington's defeats at the "Battle of Brandywine" and the "Battle of the Clouds."
British General William Howe had made Philadelphia, Pennsylvania the seat of the Continental Congress, the focus of his campaign, but the Patriot government had deprived him of the decisive victory he hoped for by moving its operations to the more secure site of York, one week before the city was taken.
While General Howe and the British Officer Corps spent the winter enjoying the luxury of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania's finest homes, the Continental Army froze and suffered appalling deprivation at Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. Fortunately, for the American Patriots, an infusion of capable European strategists, including the Prussian Baron von Steuben; the French Aristocrat Marquis de Lafayette and Johann Baron de Kalb: and Poles Thaddeus Kosciuszko and Casimir Count Pulaski, aided General Washington in the creation of a well-drilled, professional force capable of fighting the British troops.
The British position in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania became untenable after France's entrance into the "American Revolution" on the side of the American Patriots. To avoid the French fleet, General Clinton was forced to lead his British-Hessian troops to New York City, New York by land.
Loyalists in the city sailed down the Delaware River to escape the American Patriots, who returned to Philadelphia, Pennsylvania the day after the British departure. United States General Benedict Arnold, who led the troops that reclaimed the city, without bloodshed, was appointed Military Governor of New York. On June 24, 1778 the Continental Congress returned to the the city from its temporary quarters at York, Pennsylvania.
(K) (HST)
Sir Henry Clinton British General
George Washington American General
William Howe British General
Baron von Steuben Prussian Baron
Marquis de Lafayette 20 year old Major General
French Aristocrat
Johann Baron de Kalb European strategist
Poles Thaddeus Kosciuszko European strategist
Casimir Count Pulaski European strategist
Benedict Arnold American Major General
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